***** To join INSNA, visit http://www.insna.org *****
If we're venturing outside the field of Networks, then I'd just note that
diffusion is a central concept in Epidemiology. There, precedence is
generally associated with Kermack/McKendrick 1927 (which led to
deterministic models of diffusion) and Reed/Frost 1928 (associated with
stochastic models)
The Kermack–McKendrick model described the relationship between
susceptible, infected and immune individuals in a population (now known as
the SIR model, where R refers to recovery with immunity), with the
infection curve governed by a "force of infection" and the random mixing
of S & I. The Reed–Frost model was a stochastic version, treating the
force of infection as a probability of infection given contact between S &
I. Both give rise to the standard S-shaped curve in the absence of
recovery (the SI model), as susceptibles are depleted.
On Tue, 5 Dec 2017, James Holland Jones wrote:
> ***** To join INSNA, visit https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.insna.org&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lEVG5pWx2KikqINpWlZM&r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=SABUgGPUHxSdwkt9cmkZmOihzwsHWeR1IT7gUXlGMt0&s=uWJb0OPq70sFN0j3mRn09vHiEnlMp08RfRhz25_X09Q&e= ***** Two papers stand out for me in the early history of diffusion. The
> first is Einstein's (1905) paper on Brownian motion. In that, Einstein derives what i
s often called the "diffusion
> approximation," the solution to which is that the density of particles at point x at time t (assuming a starting point of
> x=0 and t=0) is normal with mean zero and variance equal to the 2Dt (where D is the diffusion constant). Among other
> things, it means that a particle's displacement increases proportional to sqrt(t) rather than linearly with time. The
> diffusion approximation is used quite a bit in population biology to estimate stochastic growth rates,
> times-to-extinction, etc. The paper I know best on this is Lande and Orzack (1988) but Ludwig (1996) is another important
> one.
>
> The second paper is Fisher's (1937) paper on the spread of an advantageous allele. It's a reaction-diffusion equation
> which can yield a traveling-wave solution. In the case of an advantageous allele, the speed of the wave front is given by
> its fitness, r.
>
> Ken Aoki (1987) used the Fisher model for cultural spread and Ammerman and Cavali-Sforza (1971) used it to model the
> spread of agriculture in Neolithic Europe. These ideas are largely independent of the diffusion-of-innovations literature
> (as exemplified by Rogers) with which we are probably most familiar, but there are clearly addressing related problems.
>
> Cheers,
> Jamie
>
> --
> James Holland Jones
> Associate Professor of Earth System Science &
> Senior Fellow, Woods Institute for the Environment
>
> 473 Via Ortega, Room 140
> Stanford, CA 94305-4216
>
> phone: 650-721-2484
> fax: 650-498-5099
> email: [log in to unmask]
> url: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__profiles.stanford.edu_james-2Djones&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lEVG5pWx2KikqINpWlZM&r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=SABUgGPUHxSdwkt9cmkZmOihzwsHWeR1IT7gUXlGMt0&s=i50srbNTdjbB-f9XbsVyaNRbWy-_Wy-hVyymMvbVwx8&e=
>
> On Dec 4, 2017, at 12:56 PM, martina morris <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
>
> ***** To join INSNA, visit https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.insna.org&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lEVG5pWx2KikqINpWlZM&r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=SABUgGPUHxSdwkt9cmkZmOihzwsHWeR1IT7gUXlGMt0&s=uWJb0OPq70sFN0j3mRn09vHiEnlMp08RfRhz25_X09Q&e= *****
>
> Thanks for sharing this info Thomas -- it's very interesting.
>
> 'Pre-paradigmatic' seems like an apt term insofar as the dominant paradigm today wrt diffusion
> processes assumes s-shaped, scalable, exponential curves embedded in models of proportionate
> growth.
>
>
> Those of us who work on network structured diffusion have a more general paradigm. Much of this work has
> emerged in the context of network modeling of epidemics, so doesn't make it into the Network journals.
>
> question. A good example is Lynn White's 1966 book Medieval Technology and Social Change, which
> traces the development of medieval warfare to innovations in horse saddlery, specifically, the
> introduction of the foot stirrup around the 6th CE. However, her description of the
> process(es) associated with the 'spreading' and adoption of saddle stirrups is considerably
> lumpier than any smooth, s-shaped curve would suggest.
>
>
> And indeed, a network structured by clustering (for whatever reason) would produce just this pattern.
>
>
> On Mon, Dec 4, 2017 at 2:05 PM, Thomas William Valente <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
> ***** To join INSNA, visithttps://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.insna.org&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lEVG5pWx2KikqINpWlZM
> &r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=qBebR8TzUx1GyN7zOU3ch4UcXjM8UCRzCIzQQRHSfFw&s=mwnz0lFVeyS-Izj5ihjv6rAqV
> BneEk-uaOk6wivszOI&e= *****
>
> We classified those studies as pre-paradigmatic, quite a few studies on the diffusion of
> arrowheads and other archeologic evidence. The paradigm, however, coalesced with the Ryan &
> Gross publication which strongly influenced the Rural Sociology tradition.
>
>
> From: George Barnett [mailto:[log in to unmask]]
> Sent: Monday, December 04, 2017 10:03 AM
> To: Thomas William Valente
> Cc: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: Re: [SOCNET] History and origins of diffusion processes
>
>
> Tom & Thomas,
>
> It actually goes back a whole lot further to the work of Galton (cultural trait
> diffusion), and then Pemberton (the diffusion of postage stamps) and Stuart Chapin. I
> haven't looked at the early research in 40+ years, but there was lots of research which
> preceded Ryan and Gross.
>
>
> George
>
> George A. Barnett, Ph.D.
>
> Distinguished Professor Emeritus
>
> Department of Communication
>
> 393 Kerr Hall
>
> University of California – Davis
>
> Davis, CA 95616-8695
>
> [log in to unmask]
>
>
>
> On Mon, Dec 4, 2017 at 9:00 AM, Thomas William Valente <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
>
> ***** To join INSNA, visithttps://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.insna.org&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lEVG5pWx2KikqINpWlZM
> &r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=qBebR8TzUx1GyN7zOU3ch4UcXjM8UCRzCIzQQRHSfFw&s=mwnz0lFVeyS-Izj5ihjv6rAqV
> BneEk-uaOk6wivszOI&e= *****
>
> Thomas
>
> Although this isn’t quite what you are looking for, in the 1990-1991 time frame I interview
> (along with Everett Rogers) a number of early pioneers of diffusion of innovations research.
> We published our findings in this paper:
>
>
> Valente, T. W., & Rogers, E. M. (1995). The origins and development of the diffusion of
> innovations paradigm as an example of scientific growth. Science Communication: An
> Interdisciplinary Social Science Journal. 16, 238-269.
>
>
> The abstract reads:
>
> This article traces the emergence of the basic paradigm for early diffusion research created
> by two rural sociologists at Iowa State University, Bryce Ryan and Neal C. Gross. The
> diffusion paradigm spread to an invisible college of midwestern rural sociological
> researchers in the 1950s and 1960s, and then to a larger, interdisciplinary field of
> diffusion scholars. By the late 1960s, rural sociologists lost interest in diffusion
> studies,
> not because it was ineffective scientifically, but because of lack of support for such study
> as a consequence of farm overproduction and because most of the interesting research
> questions were thought to be answered.
>
>
> -Tom
>
>
> Thomas W. Valente, PhD
>
> Professor and Interim Chair
>
> Department of Preventive Medicine
>
> Keck School of Medicine
>
> University of Southern California
>
> Soto Street Building, Suite 330
>
> 2001 N Soto Street, MC 9239
>
> Los Angeles CA 90089-9239
>
> Email: [log in to unmask]
>
>
> ***** To join INSNA, visithttps://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.insna.org&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lEVG5pWx2KikqINpWlZM
> &r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=qBebR8TzUx1GyN7zOU3ch4UcXjM8UCRzCIzQQRHSfFw&s=mwnz0lFVeyS-Izj5ihjv6rAqV
> BneEk-uaOk6wivszOI&e= *****
>
> If one looks up the word 'diffusion' in the Dictionary of the History of Science, you get
> the
> standard explanation that 'diffusion' originated in the 19th c with Graham and Maxwell and
> has a Latin etymology in the word, diffundere, which means "to spread out." There has to be
> more to the story than this, right?
>
> Earlier references might include the "diffusion of refracted light" in Robert Greene (1727)
> and "diffusion of light" in Newton's Optical Lectures (1728).
>
>
> My question for these listservs is, does anyone have any additional insight into the history
> and origins of the abstract idea of 'diffusion?'
>
>
> Thank you,
>
> Thomas Ball
>
>
>
>
> Thomas W. Valente, PhD
>
> Professor and Interim Chair
>
> Department of Preventive Medicine
>
> Keck School of Medicine
>
> University of Southern California
>
> Soto Street Building, Suite 330
>
> 2001 N Soto Street, MC 9239
>
> Los Angeles CA 90089-9239
>
> Email: [log in to unmask]
>
>
>
> FOR FEDEX DELIVERIES please use zip code 90032
>
>
> Phone: 323 865 0803
>
> Fax: 323 865 0854
>
>
> For appointments and scheduling please contact:
>
>
> Luz Moncayo
>
> Email: [log in to unmask]
>
> Phone: 323 865 0401
>
>
> Description: cid:[log in to unmask]
>
>
> CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This transmission (including attachments) is intended only for the
> person or entity to which it is addressed and may contain privileged and/or confidential
> material. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient, you are hereby
> notified that any dissemination, distribution, or copy of this message is strictly
> prohibited. If received in error, please notify the sender immediately and delete/destroy
> the
> message and any copies thereof. Thank you.
>
>
>
> _____________________________________________________________________ SOCNET is a service of
> INSNA,
> the professional association for social network researchers(https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.insna.org&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lEVG5pWx2KikqINpWlZ
> M&r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=qBebR8TzUx1GyN7zOU3ch4UcXjM8UCRzCIzQQRHSfFw&s=mwnz0lFVeyS-Izj5ihjv6rAq
> VBneEk-uaOk6wivszOI&e= ). To unsubscribe,
> send an email message to [log in to unmask] containing the line UNSUBSCRIBE SOCNET in the
> body
> of the message.
> _____________________________________________________________________ SOCNET is a service of
> INSNA, the
> professional association for social network researchers(https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.insna.org&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lEVG5pWx2KikqINpWlZ
> M&r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=qBebR8TzUx1GyN7zOU3ch4UcXjM8UCRzCIzQQRHSfFw&s=mwnz0lFVeyS-Izj5ihjv6rAq
> VBneEk-uaOk6wivszOI&e= ). To unsubscribe, send an
> email message to [log in to unmask] containing the line UNSUBSCRIBE SOCNET in the body of the
> message.
>
>
> ****************************************************************
> Professor of Sociology and Statistics
> Director, UWCFAR Sociobehavioral and Prevention Research Core
> Box 354322
> University of Washington
> Seattle, WA 98195-4322
>
> Office: (206) 685-3402
> Dept Office: (206) 543-5882, 543-7237
> Fax: (206) 685-7419
>
> [log in to unmask]
> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__faculty.washington.edu_morrism_&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lE
> VG5pWx2KikqINpWlZM&r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=qBebR8TzUx1GyN7zOU3ch4UcXjM8UCRzCIzQQRHSfFw&s=5DEZfQ0
> qLiIeviRR8j-hg2bVd8CnDQ89whFzfmZHJyI&e= _____________________________________________________________________
> SOCNET is a service of INSNA, the professional association for social
> network researchers (https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.insna.org&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lEVG5pWx2KikqINpWlZM&r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=SABUgGPUHxSdwkt9cmkZmOihzwsHWeR1IT7gUXlGMt0&s=uWJb0OPq70sFN0j3mRn09vHiEnlMp08RfRhz25_X09Q&e= ). To unsubscribe, send
> an email message to [log in to unmask] containing the line
> UNSUBSCRIBE SOCNET in the body of the message.
> <image001.jpg>
>
>
> _____________________________________________________________________ SOCNET is a service of INSNA, the professional
> association for social network researchers (https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.insna.org&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lEVG5pWx2KikqINpWlZM&r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=SABUgGPUHxSdwkt9cmkZmOihzwsHWeR1IT7gUXlGMt0&s=uWJb0OPq70sFN0j3mRn09vHiEnlMp08RfRhz25_X09Q&e= ). To unsubscribe, send an email message to
> [log in to unmask] containing the line UNSUBSCRIBE SOCNET in the body of the message.
>
****************************************************************
Professor of Sociology and Statistics
Director, UWCFAR Sociobehavioral and Prevention Research Core
Box 354322
University of Washington
Seattle, WA 98195-4322
Office: (206) 685-3402
Dept Office: (206) 543-5882, 543-7237
Fax: (206) 685-7419
[log in to unmask]
https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__faculty.washington.edu_morrism_&d=DwIDaQ&c=pZJPUDQ3SB9JplYbifm4nt2lEVG5pWx2KikqINpWlZM&r=uXI5O6HThk1ULkPyaT6h2Ws3RKNKSY__GQ4DuS9UHhs&m=SABUgGPUHxSdwkt9cmkZmOihzwsHWeR1IT7gUXlGMt0&s=ru7hozAiIgwZAGojuzzfprAHAlV3o8n3Jdr6ALXNL-Q&e=
_____________________________________________________________________
SOCNET is a service of INSNA, the professional association for social
network researchers (http://www.insna.org). To unsubscribe, send
an email message to [log in to unmask] containing the line
UNSUBSCRIBE SOCNET in the body of the message.
|
